18 results
Hypermagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism
Renal Failure 
Excessive Mg Administration 
 - Massive PO intake
intake - Magnesium ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #High #Magnesium ... #Table #Causes
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
- Differential Diagnosis ... and Gitelman syndrome ... Hypomagnesemia - Acquired: Medications ... #causes #nephrology ... #magnesium #low
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Renal Loses - Medications ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Low #Magnesium ... #Table #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Differentiation Between Nephrotic Syndrome and Nephritic Syndrome 
== Nephrotic Syndrome ==
Onset - Insidious 
Edema - ++++
Blood
Red blood cell casts ... Red blood cell casts ... #Nephritic #Comparison ... #Table #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis
A toxidrome is a syndrome (set of symptoms) caused by specific medications or toxins.

There are 5
toxidrome is a syndrome ... set of symptoms) caused ... by specific medications ... antihistamines #Diagnosis ... #Table #Anticholinergics
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
potassium(K) & magnesium ... wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... urinary losses: • High ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis
Thrombocytopenia and Pregnancy - TTP/HUS, HELLP Syndrome and Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy (AFLP)
Three syndromes in
TTP/HUS, HELLP Syndrome ... pre-eclampsia * High ... child * Severe cases ... obstetrics #hematology #diagnosis ... #table #comparison
Potassium-Binding Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia
Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma):
 • Mechanism: Preferentially captures K in exchange for
K; also binds magnesium ... patients sensitive to high ... #Hyperkalemia #medications ... #pharmacology #table ... #comparison #binders
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased intake (rare cause in isolation)
GI loss - Urine loss
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Magnesium depletion ... High renin, High ... #Hypokalemia #Nephrology ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Thrombocytopenia and Pregnancy
Three syndromes in the critically ill pregnant woman who presents with coagulation defects.
1) HELLP
Pregnancy Three syndromes ... pre-eclampsia * High ... child * Severe cases ... OBGyn #Hematology #Diagnosis ... #Comparison #Table