584 results
diagnosis hematology differential algorithm management causes treatment liver anemia cirrhosis pathophysiology clinical workup oncology anticoagulation thrombocytopenia gastroenterology table syndrome interpretation
Liver Function Test (LFTs) Elevation AST - Cardiac and skeletal muscle, kidney, brain ALT - More specific for
Phosphatase, ALT ≥ 3x ULN ... Transaminase, ALP ≥ 2x ULN ... Value = (ALT / ULN ... ALT) / (ALP / ULN ... Transaminitis #diagnosis #hepatology
Elevated Liver Enzymes - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Severe ALT > 15x ULN • Viral • Drugs/Toxins •
Severe ALT > 15x ULN ... Moderate ALT 5-15x ULN ... Mild ALT < 5x ULN ... Others #LFTs #Hepatology
Liver Enzymes (LFTs) - Causes of Hepatocellular and Cholestatic Liver Injury Hepatocellular Liver Injury • AST/ALT elevation
value = (ALT + ULN ... phosphatase + ULN ... #differential #hepatology
Abnormal Liver Function Tests - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm for Transaminitis Hepatocellular Pattern (ALT or AST > ALP):
Severe - ALT >15X ULN ... Moderate - ALT 5-15X ULN ... Mild - ALT < 5x ULN ... Algorithm #diagnosis #hepatology
Autoimmune Hepatitis Clinical Presentation - Highly variable clinical presentation, from subclinical disease to acute liver failure. -
ALT + AST > 10x ULN ... ALT + AST > 5x ULN ... AND IgG > 2x ULN ... Diagnosis #Management #Hepatology
Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy (AFLP) Pathophysiology: • Defect in fetal free fatty acid metabolism products →
AST/ALT (5-10x ULN ... Liver #Pregnancy #hepatology
Liver Chemistries - Interpretation of LFTs R-value: Serum (ALT/ULN ALT) / (Alk phos/ULN ALP) • R >
R-value: Serum (ALT/ULN ... ALT) / (Alk phos/ULN ... #differential #Hepatology
Hepatitis B - Treatment Indications Treatment not indicated: • Immune tolerant state - HBe-Ag detectable, high HBV
IU/mL and ALT > ULN ... Indications #management #hepatology
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary PBC Epidemiology: • Female:Male 9:1 • Common European descent • Age:
• ALP > 1.5 x ULN ... diagnosis #workup #hepatology
Ascites - Diagnosis and Management Summary Paracentesis studies: cell count + differential, albumin, protein, culture • Serum-ascites-albumin-gradient
50mg/dL, LDH > ULN ... Management #Summary #Hepatology
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