42 results
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
or Ineffective (UNa ... Sodium loss (diuretics ... Hypothyroidism, Adrenal ... #differential #diagnosis ... #table #sodium
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
- RAAS ON (UNa ... - RAAS OFF (UNa ... Hypothyroidism, Adrenal ... Hyponatremia #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #nephrology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing
Common causes: 
 • Renal parenchymal disease
- Differential Diagnosis ... MRA; abdominal CT ... Oral sodium loading ... CT scan, adrenal ... #Differential #Diagnosis
One-page resource for Lung POCUS in COVID19:
- likely (unproven) sensitive due to peripheral distribution of lesions
One-page resource for Lung ... POCUS in COVID19 ... of lesions on CT ... #POCUS #COVID19 ... pulmonary #ultrasound #diagnosis
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism
Decr Blood Pressure (“Decr Effective Circulating Volume”) 
 - Volume depletion
- Differential Diagnosis ... carcinoma of the lung ... Hypothyroidism - Adrenal ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Table #Causes #Sodium
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
: • Lung cancer ... PRA • ↓ Serum sodium ... ACTH • ↓ Serum sodium ... Serum DHEAS Diagnosis ... endocrinology #diagnosis
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
<20: Extra-renal ... >30: Renal losses ... > 30: Renal failure ... Hyponatremia #algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #low #nephrology
Bilateral B-Lines in case of Pneumonia on Lung POCUS

Young healthy pt with fever/dyspnea. POCUS lung exam
POCUS lung exam ... pulm edema not PNA ... Lung POCUS shows ... Lung POCUS invaluable ... NOT definitively diagnose
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
Epithelial Cells Renal ... cell epithelial sodium ... of epithelial sodium ... receptor Distal renal ... Kidney #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Causes of Generalized Edema - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Overfill (Increased renal sodium retention, Urine Na > 40meq/L)
- Differential Diagnosis ... Overfill (Increased renal ... sodium retention ... , Urine Na > 40meq ... #Differential #Diagnosis