46 results
Breast Discharge - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High Prolactin + Normal TSH
 • Microprolactinoma
 • Steroid Hormone Intake
Breast Discharge ... - Differential ... Hormone Intake • Chronic ... Pregnancy, Breast ... Hypothyroidism #Breast
High Attenuation pattern 
1. Chronic eosinophilic pneumonia with peripheral areas of ground glass opacity.
2. Sarcoid end-stage
with peripheral areas ... presenting as areas ... with peripheral areas ... carcinoma with both areas ... Radiology #HRCT #CTChest
Non-cirrhotic Hyperammonemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Hematologic & Vascular:
 • Multiple myeloma & Acute leukemia (plasma cells
Hyperammonemia - Differential ... Infections: • Urease-producing ... retention Unmasked Urea ... Hyperammonemia #ammonia #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology
Chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis
The key findings in chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis are:
Mosaic pattern with areas of ground-glass atenuation
Chronic hypersensitivity ... key findings in chronic ... Mosaic pattern with areas ... atenuation and areas ... Radiology #CXR #CTChest
Purple Urine Bag Syndrome
Chronic, indwelling catheter + bacteriuria (Providencia, Klebsiella, E.coli*) + alkaline urine
Tryptophan → Indoxyl
Bag Syndrome Chronic ... Syndrome #PUBS #pathophysiology ... #clinical #photo ... #differential #
Hypercalcemia of Malignancy - Pathophysiology
PTH-mediated
 • Parathyroid cancer
 • Ectopic production: Small cell lung cancer, ovarian
of Malignancy - Pathophysiology ... lung, Renal Cell, Breast ... Hypercalcemia #Malignancy #Pathophysiology ... #Differential #
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
Chronic Hypertensive ... white or yellow areas ... around atrophic areas ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology
Proptosis - Differential Diagnosis - Unilateral vs Bilateral
Unilateral:
 • Infections (can become bilateral with cavernous sinus
Proptosis - Differential ... - Metastatic (breast ... #Proptosis #Differential ... Bilateral #Causes #ophthalmology
Anisocoria - Pupillary Defects - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Physiological - Simple Anisocoria ( <O.5mm)
 - Anisocoria equal
Pupillary Defects - Differential ... • Tumor (Lung, Breast ... Pupils #Defects #Differential ... Algorithm #Causes #Ophthalmology
Schematic representation of the major sources of ammonia production and its excretory pathway (GI = gastrointestinal,
- Inherited Urea ... of ammonia: - Urease ... deficiency #Ammonia #Pathophysiology ... Hyperammonemia #Differential