16 results
Primary Bone Tumors - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 

Metastatic - Most common tumour in adults
 - Breast
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... in adults - Breast ... Tumours #MSK #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Orthopedics #Causes
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... renal, Bladder, Breast ... Miscellaneous - Bone ... Hyperthyroid, Bony ... #causes #endocrinology
Hypercalcemia of Malignancy - Pathophysiology
PTH-mediated
 • Parathyroid cancer
 • Ectopic production: Small cell lung cancer, ovarian
of Malignancy - Pathophysiology ... resorption in the bone ... resorption in the bone ... lung, Renal Cell, Breast ... Differential #Diagnosis #algorithm
Mastoiditis: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Acute or Chronic Otitis Media -> 
Stage 1: Hyperemeia of the mastoid
3: Necrosis of bone ... into contiguous areas ... postauricular crease ... hearing loss, nausea ... #Mastoiditis #pathophysiology
Anisocoria - Pupillary Defects - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Physiological - Simple Anisocoria ( <O.5mm)
 - Anisocoria equal
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Tumor (Lung, Breast ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #Ophthalmology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
hyalinization causes ... white or yellow areas ... around atrophic areas ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology
Adhesive Capsulitis (Frozen Shoulder) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Primary (Idiopathic): Unknown etiology, but associated
a stroke that caused ... recovery after breast ... will eventually break ... FrozenShoulder #pathophysiology ... stages #staging #msk
Pott's Disease in Tuberculosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
 - Typically from TB endemic areas
 -
from TB endemic areas ... extrapulmonary cases ... decreased reflexes Pathophysiology ... of bacilli to bone ... CXR should be done
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
Hemorrhages • Focal areas ... retinal ischemia causes ... Retinopathy #Diabetes #ophthalmology ... complications #pathophysiology
One and a Half Syndrome on Physical Exam

This 28 year old patient presented to clinic with
the follow up video ... fasciculus), which causes ... The most common causes ... diagnosed with MS ... #ophthalmology