7 results
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
white or yellow areas ... around atrophic areas ... #ophthalmology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms ... #complications
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
Hemorrhages • Focal areas ... retinal ischemia causes ... Retinopathy #Diabetes #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #complications ... #pathophysiology
Lupus (SLE): Mucocutaneous Manifestations

 • Langerhan cells and keratinocytes release cytokines -> localized inflammatory response ->
in sun exposed areas ... hair follicles -> causes ... Manifestations #pathophysiology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms ... #complications
Giant cell arteritis (GCA)

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) definition: Most common systemic inflammatory vasculitis in older adults
and ophthalmic complications ... identifies 85 to 95% of cases ... required +/- prompt ophthalmology ... absence of visual symptoms ... Temporal #Signs #Symptoms
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA): Extra-articular manifestations
Skin: 
 • Inflammation of skin (esp. over areas of stress) forms
Rheumatoid arthritis ... skin (esp. over areas ... inflammation tends to cause ... RheumatoidArthritis #RA #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms
Pituitary Mass Effects - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Pituitary turnors are almost always a benign
is the order of least-essential ... For The Adenoma Please ... Signs / Symptoms ... / Complications ... mnemonic #GLFTAP #pathophysiology
PFAPA Syndrome - Periodic Fever, Aphthous Stomatitis, Pharyngitis, and Adenitis

EPIDEMIOLOGY:
PFAPA is the most common syndrome entailing
globally, excluding areas ... fever (FMF) PATHOPHYSIOLOGY ... : The exact cause ... often paired with arthritis ... during attacks; arthritis