93 results
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
into the deeper retinal ... Hemorrhages • Focal areas ... ischemia causes ... Retinopathy #Diabetes #ophthalmology ... complications #pathophysiology
Breast Discharge - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High Prolactin + Normal TSH
 • Microprolactinoma
 • Steroid Hormone Intake
Breast Discharge ... Pregnancy, Breast ... Production • Renal ... Hypothyroidism #Breast ... Endocrinology #Causes
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
white or yellow areas ... of the terminal retinal ... around atrophic areas ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology
Central Retinal Vein Occlusion (CRVO)
 - Pathophysiology not fully understood; possibly due to thrombus located in
Central Retinal ... Occlusion (CRVO) - Pathophysiology ... Second most common cause ... disease (Most common cause ... ) #Clinical #Ophthalmology
Management of SIADH
Treat underlying cause:
 • Causes can include pain, primary lung pathology, post-operative phenomenon, medications,
Management of SIADH ... cause: • Causes ... volume overload Urea ... into ammonium by urease-producing ... SatyaPatelMD #SIADH #Management
Treatment of breast cancer: a simplified view
surgical therapy - 5-7 weeks
 - lumpectomy +
 - radiation
Treatment of breast ... adjuvant (in select cases ... BrighamChiefs #breast ... cancer #treatment #management
POCUS - Regional Anesthesia - Trunk Local Nerve Block

 - Thoracic Paravertebral
 - Erector Spinae
 -
POCUS - Regional ... Spinae - Pecs - Breast ... Abdominis Plane #Management ... #Regional #Local
Hypercalcemia of Malignancy - Pathophysiology
PTH-mediated
 • Parathyroid cancer
 • Ectopic production: Small cell lung cancer, ovarian
of Malignancy - Pathophysiology ... D - Increased renal ... Cell of lung, Renal ... Cell, Breast Cancer ... Hypercalcemia #Malignancy #Pathophysiology
Schematic representation of the major sources of ammonia production and its excretory pathway (GI = gastrointestinal,
although hepatic causes ... namely, the many causes ... - Inherited Urea ... of ammonia: - Urease ... deficiency #Ammonia #Pathophysiology
Central Retinal Artery Occlusion: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Inflammatory Disease: (i.e. GCA, SLE, GPA) ->
Central Retinal ... (CRAO) • The retina ... edema caused by ... Occlusion #CRAO #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology