9 results
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
Diabetic Retinopathy ... Pathogenesis and clinical ... Hemorrhages • Focal areas ... #ophthalmology ... complications #pathophysiology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
Pathogenesis and clinical ... white or yellow areas ... around atrophic areas ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ... Pathogenesis and Clinical ... to be falsely normal ... patient has good renal ... DiabeticKetoacidosis #DKA #pathophysiology
Age Related Macular Degeneration: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Photoreceptor atrophy 
-> Extracellular debris (drusen) from RPE atrophy/metabolism
Pathogenesis and clinical ... photoreceptors -> Break ... fundoscopy -> New abnormal ... MacularDegeneration #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology
Abnormal liver function tests algorithm.
 This figure details the initial response to abnormal liver blood tests.
Abnormal liver function ... tests algorithm ... Areas of diagnostic ... ; T2DM, type 2 diabetes ... #Algorithm #Hepatology
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Definition:
• Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment.
• Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
perfusion + ↑ renal ... Pathophysiology: ... Diagnosis (Clinical ... • Normal kidney ... • Treat underlying
Posterior staphyloma on Fundoscopy Ocular Examination

Patient presents bilateral posterior staphylomas and areas of scarring and fibrosis
staphylomas and areas ... staphyloma #Scarring #Retina ... #PhysicalExam #clinical ... #video #ophthalmology
Presbyopia: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Presbyopia is part of the normal ageing of the lens
Pathogenesis and clinical ... Conditions such as diabetes ... converge behind the retina ... #Presbyopia #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology
Congenital Rubella - On examination, the child had wandering eye movements with bilateral central, dense, white,
examination revealed a normal ... appearance of the retina ... distribution of areas ... pigmentation (Panel B) #Clinical ... #Ophthalmology