18 results
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
- Familial: Bartter ... syndrome and Gitelman ... syndrome, Isolated ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology ... #magnesium #low
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Cl-: Diuretics, Bartter ... Syndrome, Gitelman ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... secreting tumor, Primary ... thiazide diuretics, Bartter ... syndrome, Gitelman ... #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Cl-: Diuretics, Bartter ... Syndrome, Gitelman ... #Nephrology #Causes
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Renal K loss • Hypomagnesemia-induced ... • Diuretics, Bartter's ... syndrome, Gitelman's ... syndromePrimary ... #causes #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
- Urinary Chloride ... - Normal/low ... diuretic use, Bartter ... syndrome, Gitelman ... syndrome, Hypomagnesemia
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
• poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
• Medication 
• Hypomagnesemia 
•
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Low intake ... Medication • Hypomagnesemia ... tubular acidosis • Gitelman's ... syndromeBartter's
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... R - Primary aldosteronism ... h - Diuretics, Bartter's ... syndrome, Gitelman's ... #nephrology #causes
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... alkalosis • Normal or low ... • Bartter syndrome ... • Pseudo Bartter-Gitelman ... #pathophysiology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... Emesis, Diuretics, Bartter ... syndrome, Gitelman ... differential #potassium #nephrology ... #low