11 results
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis Workup ... Algorithm 1) ... renal mechanism 2) ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Diagnosis and Workup ... Repeat the sodium ... Step 2. ... • nephrotic syndrome ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Kidney Injury - AKI Workup ... Algorithm and Differential ... electrolytes, urea ... #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Definition:
• Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment.
• Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
Hepatorenal Syndrome ... • Caused by splanchnic ... Pathophysiology: ... • Urine sodium ... #Hepatology #Nephrology
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
Algorithm - Approach ... of the retina, uveae ... are listed in 2 ... Nephrocalcinosis causes ... #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
3 questions to work ... 2) Is ADH elevated ... demyelination syndrome ... Treatment #management #nephrology ... #sodium
Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Epidemiology:
 • Prevalence: 1-2 cases per million -
Prevalence: 1-2 ... cases per million ... Pathophysiology ... antibody that works ... others (botox, sodium
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Summary Acute AIDP ... Epidemiology: • 1-2 ... cases/100,000 per ... Guillain-Barre Pathophysiology ... demyelination features (2)
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Etiology: • Pathophysiology ... the underlying cause ... Seizures: Treat with AEDs ... until cause identified ... diagnosis #management #neurology
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Dehydration - Loss of sodium ... on the skin • Areas ... Collapse: • Pathophysiology ... encephalopathy) 2. ... differential #diagnosis #causes