12 results
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
and Workup Step ... Step 2. ... NORMAL PLASMA OSMOLALITY ... • nephrotic syndrome ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Hyponatremia - Diagnostic Evaluation Algorithm

Step 1: Consider whether Posm may actually be normal or elevated
Step 2:
Evaluation Algorithm ... may actually be normal ... elevated Step 2: ... #Diagnosis #Workup ... #Evaluation #Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Differential Diagnosis Workup ... Algorithm 1) ... renal mechanism 2) ... , Cushing syndrome ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Workup Algorithm ... electrolytes, urea ... investigations abnormal ... #Workup #Algorithm ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
remember than the normal ... volume-based algorithm ... Renal Losses (AKI ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... table #sodium #nephrology
Algorithm for the Evaluation of Chronic Diarrhea (< 7 days)
Exclude:
1. Causes of acute diarrhea
2. Lactose intolerance
3.
Algorithm for the ... Evaluation of Chronic ... acute diarrhea 2. ... Diarrhea #management #algorithm ... #workup #diagnosis
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Definition:
• Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment.
• Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
Hepatorenal Syndrome ... Pathophysiology: ... • Normal kidney ... liver transplant evaluation ... #Hepatology #Nephrology
Abnormal liver function tests algorithm.
 This figure details the initial response to abnormal liver blood tests.
tests algorithm ... indicate the initial evaluation ... presence of metabolic syndrome ... Areas of diagnostic ... disease; T2DM, type 2
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Epidemiology: • 1-2 ... Guillain-Barre Pathophysiology ... /constipation, hyponatremia ... CSF PROTEIN - NORMAL ... demyelination features (2)
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
on the skin • Areas ... heat illness → Hypernatremia ... Rhabdomyolysis - AKI ... Collapse: • Pathophysiology ... encephalopathy) 2.