16 results
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... normal volume-based algorithm ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
- Differential Algorithm ... , Recent TURP Hypotonic ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic Syndrome ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and ... Workup Step ... Repeat the sodium ... • nephrotic syndrome ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Kidney Injury - AKI Workup ... Algorithm and Differential ... electrolytes, urea ... #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... treat underlying cause ... cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #sodium
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
3 questions to work ... 1) Is it hypotonic ... demyelination syndrome ... Treatment #management #nephrology ... #sodium
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing
Common causes: 
 • Renal parenchymal disease
Oral sodium loading ... • Cushing’s syndrome ... Mineralocorticoid excess syndromes ... #Screening #Workup ... #table
Management of Hyponatremia
Hypertonic Saline - Only indicated if patient has severe symptoms + Na < 125
Give
FE Urate post correction ... SIADH — look for cause ... and give specific ... Hyponatremia #Management #algorithm ... #treatment #sodium
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... , Gitelman syndrome ... the indicated causes ... the excretion of sodium ... #nephrology #differential
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Definition:
• Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment.
• Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
Hepatorenal Syndrome ... Pathophysiology: ... • Urine sodium ... - Salt and ... #Hepatology #Nephrology