15 results
Localization of Renal Tubular Defects
Fanconi Syndrome: Proximal tubule
Bartter Syndrome: Thick ascending loop of Henle
Gitelman Syndrome: Distal
Defects Fanconi ... loop of Henle Gitelman ... Fanconi #Bartter #Gitelman ... #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
Inherited Defects ... ascending limb Gitelman ... Increased open time and ... #Kidney #Nephrology ... #Differential #Table
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome ... Gitelman Syndrome ... in the distal tubule ... #Syndrome #Pathophysiology ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Medications - Loop and ... Transient renal tubular ... - Gitelman ... Genetic defects ... Low #Magnesium #Table
Inherited Qualitative Platelet Defects
Bernard-Soulier Syndrome
 • Defect of adhesion due to a lack of GP Ib/IX/V
Bernard-Soulier Syndrome ... • Defect of adhesion ... Grey Platelet Syndrome ... platelets on smear, Associated ... #comparison #table
Side Effects of Atypical and Typical Antipsychotics - Comparison Table
Atypical antipsychotics: Risperidone, Quetiapine, Olanzapine, Amisulpride, Ziprasidone
Antipsychotics - Comparison Table ... associated with ... gain, metabolic syndrome ... are also associated ... Profiles #Comparison #Table
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Skin and/or ... hypokalemia • Renal tubular ... , Gitelman's syndrome ... #causes #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... Chloride #urine #Algorithm ... #nephrology #differential
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... - Bartter - Gitelman ... filtration rate by tubulo-glomerular ... #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology #Chloride
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
HIV dementia Pathophysiology ... infects the CNS ... volume • Patchy areas ... The clinical syndrome ... dementia #AIDS #Neurology