11 results
diagnosis differential causes alkalosis metabolic hypokalemia hypomagnesemia magnesium urinary urine aids associated bartter classification dementia disorder epithelial fanconi hand hiv
Localization of Renal Tubular Defects Fanconi Syndrome: Proximal tubule Bartter Syndrome: Thick ascending loop of Henle Gitelman Syndrome: Distal
Renal Tubular Defects ... loop of Henle Gitelman ... Localization #Nephron #Defects ... #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... - Normal/low ... diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... mineralocorticoid-like effect
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
Algorithm Cl- ... alkalosis • Normal/low ... , Gitelman syndrome ... mineralocorticoid-like effect ... #nephrology #differential
Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm GI LOSS - FeMg < 2-2.5% or 24h Urine Mg
Hypercalcemia-PTH effect ... nephrocalcinosis (FHHNC) • Gitelman's ... syndrome • Thiazide ... ab • Genetics defects ... Hypomagnesemia #Magnesium #Low
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism Decreased GI Uptake - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
- Gitelman ... syndrome - ... Genetic defects ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Magnesium #Table
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter Bartter
Inherited Defects ... ascending limb Gitelman ... Epithelial #Inherited #Defects ... #Kidney #Nephrology ... #Differential #Table
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... alkalosis • Normal or low ... • Congenital chloride ... #nephrology #management ... #pathophysiology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L • Gastric alkalosis:
contracted: urine chloride ... tubule diuretic effect ... tubule reabsorptive defect ... furosemide-like lesion) • Gitelman ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine Urine K+
Algorithm for patients ... Non-reabsorbable anion effect ... , Gitelman syndrome ... #differential #algorithm ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Cause - Decreased Intake: • Low salt in diet • Exclusive D5W
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Decreased Intake: • Low ... - Bartter - Gitelman ... #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology #Chloride
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