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diagnosis differential algorithm causes hypokalemia management alkalosis low metabolic bartter defects neurology rhabdomyolysis treatment urine agraphia aids alexia associated clinical
Algorithm for Differentiating Gitelman syndrome from Bartter syndrome • Urine Chloride • Urine Ca/Cr ratio Dr. Krithika
Differentiating Gitelman ... syndrome • Urine ... Chloride • Urine ... krithicism #Gitelman ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome ... Gitelman Syndrome ... thiazide-sensitive sodium-chloride ... #Syndrome #Pathophysiology ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Chloride depletion syndromes • Gastrointestinal losses -
Differential Diagnosis Chloride ... depletion syndromes ... - Gitelman ... • Severe potassium ... depletion (serum potassium
Localization of Renal Tubular Defects Fanconi Syndrome: Proximal tubule Bartter Syndrome: Thick ascending loop of Henle Gitelman Syndrome: Distal
loop of Henle Gitelman ... Syndrome: Distal ... Fanconi #Bartter #Gitelman ... Nephron #Defects #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... Hypokalemia (renal potassium ... Supplement: • Potassium ... #nephrology #management ... #pathophysiology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
SAME, Cushing Syndrome ... diuretics, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrom ... Algorithm #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride ... diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... of sodium and potassium ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L • Gastric alkalosis:
contracted: urine chloride ... expanded: urine chloride ... furosemide-like lesion) • Gitelman ... other • Severe potassium ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology
Pocket Comparison Guide to Heritable Hypertension Syndromes (Secondary Hypertension) Bartter, Gitelman, Liddle, Primary Aldosteronism, GRA (Glucocorticoid Remediable
Heritable Hypertension Syndromes ... Hypertension) Bartter, Gitelman ... Aldosterone, Cortisol, Potassium ... #Hypertension #Syndromes ... #Comparison #Table
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
treated with IV potassium ... ↓ Aldosterone: Syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... #differential #potassium ... #nephrology #low
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