26 results
Leukemias Overview: ALL, CML, AML, APML, CLL

Acute leukemias > 20% blasts in the peripheral blood smear
- Blood & BM • ... • Cytopenia -> BM ... involvement • 30%: CNS ... leukostasis syndrome: CNS ... Intracellular Urate
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
less than 200 cells ... recovery (CD4-cell ... enhancement on CT ... periventricular areas ... effect/Edema • EBV
Anaplastic large cell lymphoma, ALK+
Clinical
 • First 3 decades of life, M>F
 • Often nodal +
Anaplastic large cell ... lungs, liver) • BM ... variant can have ... wreath-like • Nucleoli can ... pattern: mimics NS
Decompression Sickness - The physical examination revealed diffuse violaceous skin mottling over his trunk and arms
and vomiting as well ... Clinical #Derm #EM ... #Pneumatosis #CT ... #NEJM
Lymphadenopathy - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Localized: 
 • Cervical: EBV, CMV, HIV, Toxo, TB, Lymphoma, Head /
• Cervical: EBV ... Axillary: Infection (Cat ... scratch, Tularemia), Breast ... Infection: Acute HIV, EBV ... Angioimmunoblastic T-cell
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Cold Agglutinins (CAD ... Agglutinin Syndrome (CAS ... - Mycoplasma, EBV ... malignancies - B-cell ... sensitize red blood cells
Summary of Oncologic Emergencies

Neutropenic fever:
- Fever + ANC < 500 → start cefepime ± vancomycin (if
suspected) - CT ... chest; CT abdomen ... “big & sticky” cells ... ) - Symptoms: CNS ... ) - Symptoms: CNS
Vibrio vulnificus Infection- At the time of presentation, hemorrhagic bullae measuring 3.5 by 4.5 cm had
V. vulnificus can ... contaminated seawater, as well ... #clinical #photo ... #NEJM #vibrio #
Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) - Diagnosis and Management

Pneumonia Signs/Symptoms:
 • Confusion/disorientation (LR + 1.9)
 • Cough
chest pain (LR + NS ... Total white blood cell ... Uremia (blood urea ... count < 4,000 cells ... radiograph or CT
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
and infects the CNS ... invades mononuclear cells ... in the CNS ○ ... Infected cells - ... volume • Patchy areas