6 results
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
into the deeper retinal ... Hemorrhages • Focal areas ... Retinopathy #Diabetes #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #complications ... #pathophysiology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
white or yellow areas ... around atrophic areas ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology ... signs #symptoms #complications
Retinoblastoma: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Sporadic mutation -> One allele of RB1 tumor suppressor gene
Signs / Symptoms / Complications ... absent or partial retinal ... spread • Sub-retinal ... Retinoblastoma #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology
Age Related Macular Degeneration: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Photoreceptor atrophy 
-> Extracellular debris (drusen) from RPE atrophy/metabolism
from choroid to retina ... products from retina ... RPE -> Loss of photo ... MacularDegeneration #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology
Retinopathy of Prematurity: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Increased metabolic demand of growing eye
-> Excessive VEGF production ->
-> Neovascular complications ... vitreous -> Extra-retinal ... Partial or complete retinal ... peds #pediatrics #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology
Astigmatism: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Astigmatism - deviation from spherical curvature of the lens or eye

Refracting power
different points of focus ... on the retina ... #astigmatism #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology