26 results
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
into the deeper retinal ... to significant retinal ... • Localized retinal ... ischemia causes ... macula, and/or retina
Retinal Detachment on Ocular POCUS
61yo male with painless visual loss right eye.  Ocular POCUS reveals...?
Great
Retinal Detachment ... Great POCUS case ... showing retinal ... showing tethered retina ... henneberry_ryan #Retinal
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
hemorrhages in the inner retina ... nervefiber layer -> Retinal ... of the terminal retinal ... lesions in the inner retinal ... pathophysiology #ophthalmology
Amblyopia - Lazy Eye - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Deprivational - Obstruction of Visual Axis:
 • Ptosis
 •
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hemangioma • Retinal ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #Ophthalmology
Isocoria - Pupillary Defects - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Relative Afferent Pupil Defect
 • Optic Neuritis
 • Ischemic
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Nerve Tumor • Retinal ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #Ophthalmology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Causes of Metabolic ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... MetabolicAlkalosis #NonGap #Nephrology ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... renovascular HT, Renin-secreting ... differential #diagnosis #algorithm ... #causes #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... syndrome PRA: plasma renin ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Nephrology #Causes
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Renovascular HTN, Renin ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm ... Renin secreting ... Renal artery stenosis ... #Diagnosis #Causes ... #Workup #Nephrology