26 results
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PRE-Renal AKI:
 • Hypovolemia
 • Congestion
 • Medications
 •
Acute Kidney Injury ... (AKI) - Differential ... obstruction, Neurogenic bladder ... • Bilateral ureteral ... #AKI #Acute #Kidney
Common ultrasound abnormalities seen on kidney and urinary bladder POCUS

- Dr. Abhilash Koratala MD - NephroPOCUS
abnormalities seen on kidney ... and urinary bladder ... NephroPOCUS @NephroP #kidney ... #bladder #differential
Causes of Urinary Tract Obstruction - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Upper Tract - Bladder NOT distended on ultrasound,
Obstruction - Differential ... Upper Tract - Bladder ... cancer • Urethral ... • Posterior Urethral ... #UrinaryTract #Differential
Types of Urinary Incontinence
 - Stress Incontinence - The urethral sphincter is weakened so that transient
Incontinence - The urethral ... pressure raise the bladder ... The bladder is typically ... The bladder is typically ... Causes #diagnosis #differential
Increased Urination - Differential Diagnosis Framework - Increased Volume / Frequency
 • Increased osmotic load (Increased
Increased Urination - Differential ... mannitol), Chronic kidney ... • Inability of kidneys ... Isosthenuria): Chronic kidney ... Increased #Urination #Differential
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
causes of Acute Kidney ... Injury AKI - Differential ... malignant) • Ureteral ... cancer) • Urinary bladder ... primarily related to kidney
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... Renal Mass Ureteral ... • Cystitis • Bladder ... Renal/Ureter/Bladder ... #Hematuria #Differential
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
Acute Kidney Injury ... Postrenal: • Ureteral ... • Neurogenic bladder ... #AKI #Acute #Kidney
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
Algorithm and Differential ... early (distal urethra ... tract), terminal (bladder ... #Macroscopic #Differential
Causes of Enuresis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary Nocturnal Enuresis (Urinary Control Never Achieved)
 • Delayed Maturation
of Enuresis - Differential ... Diabetes Insipidus, Urethral ... Palsy, Neurogenic Bladder ... Pediatric Unstable Bladder ... Nocturnal #Enuresis #Differential