34 results
Mixed Urinary Incontinence: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Urgency Urinary Incontinence (UUI) -> Urinary leakage preceded by a
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... sudden, strong urge ... inflammation/ infection ... #Signs #Symptoms ... #Urology #Diagnosis
Lower Urinary Tract Infection: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

- Predisposing Factors:  Immunocompromised state, diabetes, elderly, female
Lower Urinary Tract ... and Clinical Findings ... neurogenic bladder, urinary ... epithelium -> Lower Urinary ... UrinaryTractInfection #LUTI #Pathophysiology
Upper Urinary Tract infection (UUTI): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Predisposing Factors:
 - Immunocompromised, Diabetes,
 - Elderly, Female
Upper Urinary Tract ... Pathogenesis and Clinical ... neurogenic bladder, urinary ... - Indwelling urinary ... accumulation Lower Urinary
Emphysematous Cystitis
Epidemiology:
 • Usually middle-aged diabetic women
 • Other RF: neurogenic bladder, urinary tract outlet obstruction,
neurogenic bladder, urinary ... UTIs, indwelling urinary ... frequency, urinary ... of infection, such ... Pathophysiology:
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
urine microscopy / urinary ... calcium Optional: urinary ... context and signs ... cryoglobulins, hepatitis serology ... , HIV serology,
Woltman’s sign on Physical Exam

53-year-old man presented with fatigue and sensitivity to cold. A physical examination
Woltman’s sign on ... a diagnosis of primary ... deep-tendon reflex, is a neurologic ... Reflexes #Delayed #Clinical ... #Video #Neurology
The Stages of Syphilis 

Primary Syphilis 
- The chancre lesion is the hallmark of primary syphilis.
of Syphilis Primary ... the hallmark of primary ... Without treatment ... the period of primary ... have positive serology
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Pathophysiology: Triggering factor (infection,...)→Activation of CD8 T cells (IFN-y) → Excessive activation of macrophages
Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) Pathophysiology ... accumulation of clinical ... Assessment • Clinical ... assessment+++ Primary ... Unknown cause Treatment
Varicocele: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Primary:
 - Anatomically: the left spermatic vein drains into the left renal
Pathogenesis and clinical ... findings Primary ... • Primary varicocele ... #Signs #Symptoms ... #Urology #Diagnosis
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
clots ➔ Lower Urinary ... deposits - Post-infectious ... hematuria • Signs ... Upper and Lower urinary ... Diagnosis #causes #urology