59 results
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing
Common causes: 
 • Renal parenchymal disease
angiography • Primary ... alcohol induced - Urinary ... ganglioma - 24-h urinary ... suppression test. 24-h urinary ... syndromes other than primary
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
- Differential ... starts by measuring urinary ... either secondary or primary ... Gitelman's syndrome • Primary ... syndrome, Congenital adrenal
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... suppression • Primary ... #Causes
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... suppression • Primary ... #Causes
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm
UOsm ≥ POsm - Vasopressin-Dependent
 • UNa < 20 mEq/L - Appropriate (↓ EABV)
Algorithm UOsm ... Vasopressin-independent - Consider: Primary ... solute intake, Renal ... #diagnosis #differential ... #algorithm #causes
The Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia
Drugs
 - Amiloride
 - Spironolactone
 - Triamterene
 - Trimethoprim
 - Pentamidine
 -
Tubulointerstitial diseases - Urinary ... High Renin - Primary ... adrenal insufficiency ... #Hyperkalemia #Algorithm ... #diagnosis #differential
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism
Decr Blood Pressure (“Decr Effective Circulating Volume”) 
 - Volume depletion
Hyponatremia - Differential ... failure - Primary ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes #Sodium
Adrenal Insufficiency Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical suspicion: Weakness, fatigue, nausea, musculoskeletal pain, dizziness, volume depletion, abdominal pain,
Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Clinical ... Weakness, fatigue, nausea ... , hypotension, hyponatremia ... baseline ACTH - Primary
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Urine Output > 3L /day
Water Diuresis (Urine Osm <100 mOsm/kg)
 • Primary
Diagnosis Algorithm ... 100 mOsm/kg) • Primary ... Relief of prolonged urinary ... Dl • Chronic Renal ... #causes #nephrology
Causes of Urinary Incontinence - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 - Transient - Easily reversible cause (DIAPPERS)
Causes of Urinary ... Incontinence - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... multiparous women - Urge ... Obstruction #Urinary