104 results
Pathophysiology of Tumor Lysis Syndrome (TLS)
Tumor Cell Lysis
-> Release of DNA
 • Purines -> Hypoxanthine /
of Tumor Lysis Syndrome ... (TLS) Tumor Cell ... #TumorLysis #Syndrome ... #TLS #Pathophysiology ... #UricAcid
Causes of Erythema Nodosum - Mnemonic

NO cause found in 60% of cases
Drugs (antibiotics e.g., sulfonamides, amoxicillin)
Oral
Causes of Erythema ... Mnemonic NO cause ... Sarcoidosis or Lofgren's syndrome ... Nodosum #Mnemonic #Causes ... Differential #Diagnosis #Dermatology
Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Cardiovascular Causes of Dyspnea:
 • Myocardium:
	- Heart failure
	- CAD/ACS
	- Valvulopathy
 • Electrical:
	-
Cardiovascular Causes ... Hepatopulmonary syndrome ... Other Causes ... Guillain Barre - ALS ... Transverse myelitis • Hematology
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Reflex Testing - Causes ... Deep coma (any cause ... Guillain-Barré syndrome ... injury, Early ALS ... Hyperthyroidism, Serotonin syndrome
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome ... high WBC count cause ... leukapheresis - TLS ... #TLS #diagnosis ... #management #hematology
Tumor Lysis Syndrome
An acute, life-threatening condition that appears within 7 days of starting cytotoxic therapies in
Tumor Lysis Syndrome ... #Tumor #Lysis #Syndrome ... #TLS #oncology ... #management #UricAcid
Purpura - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Non-blanchable, dark red to purple, hemorrhagic skin lesions that result from leakage
• Secondary Causes ... Kasabach-Merritt syndrome ... Gardner-Diamond syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #hematology ... #rheumatology #
Causes of Hyperuricemia
Increased production
 • Solid-organ transplant
 • Tumor lysis syndrome
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 • Lesch Nyhan
Causes of Hyperuricemia ... • Tumor lysis syndrome ... • Lesch Nyhan syndrome ... Hyperuricemia #Causes ... #UricAcid #diagnosis
Jaundice - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pre-Hepatic - Unconjugated Hyperbilirubinemia
Increased Production
 • Hemolysis
 • Ineffective Erythropoiesis
 • Hematoma
Decreased
• Gilbert's Syndrome ... Crigler-Najjar Syndromes ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #Hepatology #bilirubinemia
Causes of Neuromuscular Weakness
 • Spinal Cord: Demyelinating Disease (MS), Epidural abscess, Infarction, Syringomyelia, Tetanus, Transverse
Causes of Neuromuscular ... Motor Nerves: ALS ... Guillain-Barre syndrome ... Lambert Eaton Syndrome ... Neuromuscular #Weakness #Causes