10 results
diagnosis differential hypokalemia alkalosis hyponatremia low management chloride comparison gitelman hypotonic lactated lr metabolicacidosis nongap ns pathophysiology pharmacology physiologic ringers
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
mineralocorticoid-like effect ... Normal gap metabolic ... the indicated causes ... and potassium acid ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... • Diarrhea A urine ... consumption • Low/Normal ... #nephrology #low
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison Composition of LR: • Sodium 130 mEq/L •
130 mEq/L • Potassium ... development of metabolic ... - Protective effects ... Decreased GFR, urine ... • Saline May Cause
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Extra-renal Losses: • Normal ... Low intake • Metabolic ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine Urine K+
Algorithm for patients ... syndrome Low-normal ... Distal RTA Low-normal ... Non-reabsorbable anion effect ... #nephrology
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Normal Anion Gap (<14) (Loss of Bicarbonate) -
Causes of Non-Gap ... Metabolic Acidosis ... Normal Anion Gap ... Loss (Negative urine ... MetabolicAcidosis #NonGap #Nephrology
Management of SIADH Treat underlying cause: • Causes can include pain, primary lung pathology, post-operative phenomenon, medications,
promoting passive sodium ... the colon 0.9% Normal ... Saline: • If Urine ... Has many side effects ... #hyponatremia #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... tubule diuretic effect ... other • Severe potassium ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... remember than the normal ... volume-based algorithm ... Urine Na+K / serum ... #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
thiazide-sensitive sodium ... thiazide-sensitive sodium ... alkalosis • Normal ... Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... Syndrome #diagnosis #nephrology
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