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diagnosis differential management causes hypokalemia low rhabdomyolysis table binders effects gitelman hyponatremia hypotonic intercellularshift k lactated lr normal ns pathophysiology
Potassium Binders for Management of Hyperkalemia • SPS - Sodium polystyrene sulfonate • Patiromer (veltassa) •
Potassium Binders ... Management of Hyperkalemia ... #treatment #pharmacology ... #table #comparison ... #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary Causes of Rhabdomyolysis: • Trauma: - Immobilization - Crush injury - Compartment
Weakness - Dark urine ... + myoglobin AKI ... hour with goal urine ... Monitor potassium ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Algorithm Before ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... suggests extra-renal ... • Diarrhea A urine ... #nephrology #low
Hypokalemia Diagnostic Algorithm To assess potassium excretion: perform 24-hour urine collection or alternatively obtain potassium-to-creatinine ratio on
Algorithm To assess ... perform 24-hour urine ... values suggest renal ... #Algorithm #TTKG ... #nephrology #low
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... Urine Na+K / serum ... Losses (AKI, Post-AKI ... : Hypovolemia, Hypervolemia ... table #sodium #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary Trauma: • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury Exertional: •
Dermatomyositis) AKI ... oxidative iniury Treatment ... hour with goal urine ... Monitor potassium ... Dialysis for severe hyperkalemia
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison Composition of LR: • Sodium 130 mEq/L •
130 mEq/L • Potassium ... Is Dangerous in Hyperkalemia ... Saline Causes AKI ... Decreased GFR, urine ... #pharmacology #
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Excretion: - Renal ... , RTA Type IV, AI ... lysis) ± Urine ... 15 suggests ↓ renal ... #potassium #nephrology
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Reduced Excretion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Reduced flow through distal nephron - TTKG
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... nephron - TTKG > 7, Urine ... Creatinine • Chronic renal ... failure • AKI ... IntercellularShift #Nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
(renal potassium ... Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... Sjögren syndrome, Renal ... Rhabdomyolysis Treatment ... Syndrome #diagnosis #nephrology
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