26 results
diagnosis differential management causes alkalosis low hyperkalemia hypokalemia hyponatremia table comparison medications nephrolithiasis rhabdomyolysis stones binders chloride diuresis diuretics effects
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Osmolarity 2) Urine ... Osmolarity 3) Urine ... Sodium 4) Serum ... High Uric Acid → renal ... #nephrology #sodium
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... sodium is typically ... the excretion of sodium ... and potassium acid ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Hyperkalemia Treatment Options Stabilize cardiac membrane: • IV Calcium (peaks 5-10 minutes) Decrease potassium concentration: • IV Fluids Shift
Hyperkalemia Treatment ... Fluids Shift potassium ... 90 minutes) • Sodium ... (if preserved renal ... #nephrology
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses •
Na <20: Extra-renal ... Na >30: Renal losses ... #Hyponatremia #algorithm ... #diagnosis #sodium ... #low #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Extra-renal Losses ... Low intake • Metabolic ... loss (Diarrhea) Renal ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... (late) • High Urine ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... suggests extra-renal ... • Diarrhea A urine ... #nephrology #low
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... (late) • High Urine ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... #Nephrology #Causes
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison Composition of LR: • Sodium 130 mEq/L •
130 mEq/L • Potassium ... development of metabolic ... Hyperchloremia nonanion gap metabolic ... Decreased GFR, urine ... NS #comparison #pharmacology
Potassium Binders for Management of Hyperkalemia • SPS - Sodium polystyrene sulfonate • Patiromer (veltassa) •
Potassium Binders ... Hyperkalemia • SPS - Sodium ... #Hyperkalemia #treatment ... #pharmacology # ... table #comparison #nephrology
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