43 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... • Normal/low blood ... diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Low intake • Metabolic ... acidosis: Gl tract ... acidosis: Proximal ... potassium #low #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... • Diarrhea A urine ... acidosis: Proximal ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Acid Base and Blood Gas Analysis
1. pH - What’s the primary disturbance?
2. pCO2 - What’s the
Acid Base and Blood ... Respiratory Acidosis ... gap metabolic acidosis ... nickmmark #acidbase #workup ... #algorithm #diagnosis
Approach to Elevated Bicarbonate (HCO3)
Risk Factors for Hypercapnea? (Hx of COPD, OSA, sedative use, CNS/muscular disorders?)
(+)
for Respiratory Acidosis ... (Check Blood Gas ... Alkalosis Urine ... Barter, or Gitelman Syndrome ... #alkalosis #algorithm
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... (late) • High Urine ... #Primary #Metabolic ... #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... - Normal/low blood ... diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis ... Framework and Workup ... #Metabolic #NAGMA ... Differential #Diagnosis #Workup ... #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine ... (late) • High Urine ... #Nephrology #Causes
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup ... and Diagnosis Algorithm ... → Refer to Nephrology ... #Workup #urology ... #blood #urine