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diagnosis algorithm differential nephrotic nephritic workup blood glomerulonephritis hematuria renal urology classification comparison disease diseases hypokalemia initial low membranoproliferative metabolic
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Causes of Proteinuria ... present on repeat testing ... • Fanconi's syndrome ... • Drugs Glomerular ... #Nephrology #Differential
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
Glomerular Diseases ... RBC casts in urine ... Proteinuria often ... diabetes)) #Glomerular ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes. Step
hematuria and/or proteinuria ... the patient have glomerular ... hematuria (RBC casts ... dysmorphic RBCs in urine ... Comparison #Algorithm #Nephrology
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
mimics, repeat testing ... • Evidence of glomerular ... bleeding (proteinuria ... → Refer to Nephrology ... if cause not identified
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
disease - Alport syndrome ... pain hematuria syndrome ... - Proteinuria ... • Nutcracker syndrome ... #urology #nephrology
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease 24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
Recommended initial testing ... disease 24-hour urine ... Serum or urine for ... infections are common causes ... nephrotic #nephritic #nephrology
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
hemolytic-uremic syndrome ... arbitrarily defined as urine ... because nephritic urine ... Nephrocalcinosis causes ... #syndrome #nephrology
Recommended initial testing for patients being evaluated for glomerular disease 1) 24-hour urine collection - Quantify proteinuria.
Recommended initial testing ... disease 1) 24-hour urine ... Serum or urine for ... infections are common causes ... #nephrology #nephrotic
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... volume contracted: urine ... Refeeding after fasting ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
from other causes ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... • Diarrhea A urine ... - Metabolic Alkalosis ... differential #potassium #nephrology
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