23 results
diagnosis differential algorithm metabolic management chloride gitelman hematuria hypertension hypokalemia pathophysiology secondary treatment urinary urology abg acid acidbase acute aki
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
• 1ml blood/liter ... pain hematuria syndrome ... #urology #nephrology ... #renal #urine # ... blood
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup ... • Evidence of glomerular ... for renal biopsy ... if cause not identified ... #urology #blood
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Kidney Injury - AKI Workup ... Investigations: full blood ... osmolarity If cause ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis ... (late) • High Urine ... hyperaldosteronism • High PRA: Renal ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Causes
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Cause - Decreased Intake: • Low salt in diet • Exclusive D5W
- Metabolic alkalosis ... - Diarrhea • RENAL ... gas transport, renal ... metabolic alkalosis ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
A urine K/Cr ratio ... suggests extra-renal ... causes • Laxative ... - Metabolic Alkalosis ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... diuretics after renal ... generally indicates a renal ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
Workup for Hypophosphatemia ... leukemia Measure Urine ... Glucose, Acute resp. alkalosis ... FEPO4 ≥ 5% - Renal ... #phosphate #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome - Diagnosis and Workup Blood Work: - Hypokalemia - Hypomagnesemia - Metabolic Alkalosis - Elevated
Gitelman Syndrome ... Blood Work: - ... Hypomagnesemia - Metabolic Alkalosis ... Elevated Renin Urine ... #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
• Normal/low blood ... diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... the indicated causes ... #Algorithm #nephrology
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