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diagnosis differential treatment algorithm hypokalemia blood gitelman hematuria hyperkalemia k low metabolic pathophysiology prs pulmonary rhabdomyolysis syndrome syndromes urology
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup ... • Evidence of glomerular ... → Refer to Nephrology ... for renal biopsy ... if cause not identified
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
A urine K/Cr ratio ... suggests extra-renal ... causes • Laxative ... - Metabolic Alkalosis ... #nephrology #low
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... diuretics after renal ... generally indicates a renal ... other • Severe potassium ... #nephrology
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
mononeuritis multiplex WORKUP ... : UA, Urine protein ... Goodpasture's cause ... hypercellular glomeruli ... differential #diagnosis #management
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary Causes of Rhabdomyolysis: • Trauma: - Immobilization - Crush injury - Compartment
Framework and Management ... Summary Causes ... Weakness - Dark urine ... Monitor potassium ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
reabsorption) Workup ... lysis) ± Urine ... only if no clear cause ... #Treatment #potassium ... #nephrology #K
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
• Hypokalemia (renal ... potassium wasting ... Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... Syndrome #diagnosis #nephrology ... #management #pathophysiology
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