10 results
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
- Differential Diagnosis ... clots ➔ Lower Urinary ... → Diagnostic of ... Upper and Lower urinary ... #causes #urology
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Atlas of Urine Microscopy ... also be seen if urine ... - Diagnostic of ... #key #diagnosis ... #nephrology #casts
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
and Differential Diagnosis ... microscopy / urinary ... calcium Optional: urinary ... osmolarity If cause ... #nephrology #causes
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... and concentrated urine ... White blood cell - Urinary ... #Microscopy #Diagnosis ... #Nephrology
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
circulating volume, Urinary ... IMPROVEMENT If the urine ... you confirmed diagnosis ... CONSIDER INTRINSIC CAUSES ... Assess UA w/ microscopy
Guide to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

What to ask/look for: 
 - HPI, PMH, full ROS
- Urinalysis/microscopy ... UOP/weights - Urine ... rhabdo/TLS) Causes ... pre-renal) - Urinary ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Mixed Urinary Incontinence: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Urgency Urinary Incontinence (UUI) -> Urinary leakage preceded by a
during bladder filling ... pushing urine from ... SUI or UUI not caused ... Signs #Symptoms #Urology ... #Diagnosis
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... : Differential Diagnosis ... > 20 meq/L • Primary ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Causes #nephrology
Causes of Petechial Rash - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Pinpoint areas (less than 2 mm) of hemorrhage, which
Causes of Petechial ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Abnormalities in primary ... Sjogren's, GPA, EGPA, Microscopic ... #dermatology #physicalexam
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
- Differential Diagnosis ... affects the skin, neurologic ... cognitive impairment, neurologic ... (PR3-ANCA)): Microscopic ... tract, and often causes