11 results
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... Hematuria: Red/Dark urine ... 1ml blood/liter urine ... hematuria • Signs ... #Hematuria #Differential
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
- (Neisseria meningitidis ... vomiting • Fatigue Signs ... Reduced libido • Signs ... addisons #disease #endocrinology ... #diagnosis #signs
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Algorithm and Differential ... blood count with differential ... osmolarity If cause ... clinical context and signs ... Diagnosis #nephrology #causes
Infectious Causes of Adrenal Insufficiency
Anatomical distribution of vessels to the adrenal makes the gland prone to
Infectious Causes ... Tuberculosis, Neisseria meningitidis ... #Infectious #Causes ... #AI #differential ... #diagnosis #endocrinology
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
- Differential ... Acute meningeal signs ... established by CSF or urine ... Good indicator to differentiate ... CNS #Infections #differential
Hyperuricemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary - Over-production
     • Increased turnover of nucleotides
Primary
Hyperuricemia - Differential ... Drug-induced • High purine ... Hyperuricemia #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #endocrinology ... #causes
21-Hydroxylase Deficiency (21-OHD): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Autosomal recessive mutation in CYP21A2 coding for the enzyme 21-OHase
enzyme 21-OHase causes ... 21-OHD in the adrenal ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... non-arousable, decr urine ... pathophysiology #genetics #endocrinology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Hypertension - Workup and Differential ... hypertension and signs ... bruit or signs ... Vasculitis • Endocrinologic ... #Differential #
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
out of cells may cause ... patient has good renal ... function/urine ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... pathophysiology #endocrinology
Cushing's Syndrome - Hypercortisolism - Diagnosis and Clinical Features
1) Skin
 • Thin, easily bruisable skin with
, oral cavity) Caused ... ↑ 24-hour urine ... the abdomen for adrenal ... Hypercortisolism #Diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #endocrinology