11 results
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... and Differential Diagnosis ... osmolarity If cause ... investigations abnormal ... clinical context and signs
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
- Differential Diagnosis ... Photophobia • Nausea ... Symptoms: • Acute ... meningeal signs ... established by CSF or urine
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Equina Syndrome Causes ... lumbar spine Signs ... / Symptoms / Complications ... leg reflexes) ... #symptoms #signs
Signs and Symptoms Associated With Different Headache Etiologies
 • Nonfocal mental status changes - Meningitis, encephalitis,
Signs and Symptoms ... status changes - Meningitis ... Hypertension with normal ... #headache #signs ... #differential #diagnosis
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
Differential Diagnosis ... • Examine for signs ... Casey Albin MD @ ... caseyalbin #PhysicalExam ... neurology #comatose #diagnosis
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
vasoconstrictive • Acute ... diffuse light reflex ... ophthalmology #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms ... #complications
Paget’s Disease: Complications
Abnormal Osteoclasts cause excessive bone turnover -> Incr bone resorption, Incr (abnormal) bone formation

MSK
Paget’s Disease: Complications ... Ca2+] load, Incr urine ... pathophysiology #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms ... #complications
Newborn Infant - Routine Examination

Birthweight, gestational age and birthweight percentile are noted.
General observation Of the baby's
is also a late sign ... of meningitis. ... If abnormal, this ... are observed for signs ... Newborn #Infant #PhysicalExam
DKA DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA:
1. Serum glucose >250 mg/dL
2. Arterial pH <7.3
3. Serum bicarbonate <18 mEq/L
4. At least
DKA DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA ... physiologic stress or acute ... Common, early signs ... than 20 mEq/L (normal ... their loss in the urine
Fever Patterns - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Continuous Fever:
Temp > 38°C with only 1 degree fluctuation in 24
- Differential Diagnosis ... bacterial meningitis ... Non-Infectious Causes ... Brucellosis Faget's Sign ... #Differential #Diagnosis