10 results
diagnosis differential nephrology algorithm metabolic chloride frequency casts diuretics endocrinology excretion gout hyperuricemia hypokalemia increased medications microscopy pharmacology polyuria renal
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Urine Output > 3L /day Water Diuresis (Urine Osm <100 mOsm/kg) • Primary
Polydipsia • Central Diabetes ... • Nephrogenic Diabetes ... Relief of prolonged urinary ... Partial Dl • Chronic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Increased Urination - Differential Diagnosis Framework - Increased Volume / Frequency • Increased osmotic load (Increased
osm): Diabetes ... urea, mannitol), Chronic ... Isosthenuria): Chronic ... deficiency/resistance (Diabetes ... tract infection
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary ... loop or thiazide diuretics ... pressure: Active diuretic ... metabolic acidosis: Diabetic ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
- Urinary Chloride ... loop or thiazide diuretics ... pressure: Active diuretic ... the indicated causes ... #Urinary #Chloride
Causes of Hypokalemia Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis ... (treatment of diabetic ... syndrome (mimics loop diuretic ... mimics thiazide diuretic
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... acute reversal of chronic ... after renal tubule diuretic ... > 20 meq/L • Primary ... /carbenoxolone ingestion
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide) • Glaucoma • Epilepsy • Altitude
Altitude sickness • Diuretic ... • Metabolic alkalosis ... • Nephrogenic diabetes ... Kidney stones caused ... Acute myocardial infarction
Increased Urinary Frequency - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Non-increased urine volume (<2mL/min), Rule out polyuria Extrinsic to Urinary Tract:
Non-increased urine ... Tract Infection ... Overactive Bladder • Diabetes ... Irritant drugs: Diuretics ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Hyperuricemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Primary - Over-production • Increased turnover of nucleotides Primary
(AML) • Chronic ... Hyperparathyroidism • Diabetic ... Renal • Chronic ... Cyclosporine • Diuretics ... endocrinology #causes
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... exercise or with diuretic ... and concentrated urine ... White blood cell - Urinary ... tract infections
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