6 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
- Urinary Chloride ... metabolic acidosis • Chronic ... D-lactic acidosis • Chronic ... the indicated causes ... #Urinary #Chloride
Hyperuricemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary - Over-production
     • Increased turnover of nucleotides
Primary
- Under-excretion ... (AML) • Chronic ... Hyperparathyroidism • Diabetic ... Renal • Chronic ... endocrinology #causes
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... acute reversal of chronic ... after renal tubule diuretic ... > 20 meq/L • Primary ... /carbenoxolone ingestion
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Regulating Renal Excretion ... • Metabolic alkalosis ... Kidney stones caused ... Acute myocardial infarction ... Diuretics #Renal #Excretion
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis ... (treatment of diabetic ... - Diuretics (carbonic ... #Hypokalemia #Causes
Causes of Hyperkalemia
l. Pseudohyperkalemia
  A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis
  B.
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... Inadequate excretion ... Diabetes, diabetic ... Chronic kidney disease ... Primary adrenal