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neurology diagnosis differential management syndrome aids guillain hiv meningitis treatment anatomy associated bells clinical crypto cryptococcal dementia disorder encephalitis encephalopathy
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions: • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100) • Other
splenomegaly Other infections ... multiple lesions Infectious ... RingEnhancing #Lesions #Brain ... differential #diagnosis #causes ... #radiology #neurology
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness Epidemiology: • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Guillain-Barre Syndrome ... Epidemiology: • 1-2 cases ... Pathophysiology ... response preceding infection ... management #treatment #neurology
Bell's Palsy Bell’s Palsy is a damage, acute weakness, or paralysis of the Facial nerve (7th CN),
Facial nerve (7th CN ... associated with viral infections ...     - Epstein-Barr ... #Bells #Palsy #neurology ... #anatomy #pathophysiology
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections: •
CNS Infection in ... present in 15% of cases ... hemorrhage • CSF ... Demyelinating disease caused ... InfectiousDiseases #Neurology
Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) Acute autoimmune demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness Epidemiology: • Incidence: 1
Guillain-Barré Syndrome ... Incidence: 1 to 2 cases ... to a preceding infection ... the underlying pathophysiology ... diagnosis #management #neurology
Transverse Myelitis Overview Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
: • 1400 new cases ... • 75-90% of cases ... monophasic Pathophysiology ... that results in CNS ... Abnormal in 50% of cases
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND) Definition: HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories: • Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment • Mild neurocognitive impairment • HIV dementia Pathophysiology: HIV frequently
HIV dementia Pathophysiology ... and infects the CNS ... early stages of infection ... mononuclear cells in the CNS ... : • Increased CSF
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework Viral Encephalitis: MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
CNS Infections - ... or urine culture ... Singh @rav7ks #CNS ... #Infections #differential ... #diagnosis #neurology
Neurological Manifestations of Tuberculosis Spinal Arachnoiditis & Polyradiculopathy: • Subacute onset of limb weakness, bladder/bowel dysfunction, muscle
contrast enhancement Brain ... neurological symptoms • Caused ... and not direct infection ... or abruptly • CN ... due to increased CSF
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by: • Headache • Seizures • Altered mental
parietal lobes of the brain ... Etiology: • Pathophysiology ... Diagnosis: • Infection ... the underlying cause ... with AEDs until cause
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