20 results
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
require urgent nephrology ... PROBLEM ~80% of AKI cases ... isotonic fluids (NS ... IMPROVEMENT If the urine ... for WBCs, RBCs, casts
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology:
Chronic heart failure leads to an increase in inflammatory cytokines → Inflammation
Heart Failure Pathophysiology ... → Inflammation causes ... iron #deficiency #CHF ... heartfailure #diagnosis #management ... #cardiology
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
present in 15% of cases ... hemorrhage • CSF ... Demyelinating disease caused ... comparable to CSF ... InfectiousDiseases #Neurology
Management of SIADH
Treat underlying cause:
 • Causes can include pain, primary lung pathology, post-operative phenomenon, medications,
Management of SIADH ... Saline: • If Urine ... bolus of 0.9% NS ... SatyaPatelMD #SIADH #Management ... #hyponatremia #nephrology
CNS Manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)

Clinical Manifestations: Demyelinating Syndrome, Headache, Movement disorders, Seizure disorders, Aseptic
CNS Manifestations ... Disease, PRES Pathophysiology ... autoantibodies that will cause ... #neurology #rheumatology ... cerebritis #diagnosis #management
SIADH Treatment Options
1. Treat underlying cause of SIADH: Pain, Primary lung pathology, Post-operative phenomenon, Medications, Basically
Treat underlying cause ... administered • This can cause ... • If Urine osmolality ... SatyaPatelMD #SIADH #Management ... #hyponatremia #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
vast majority of cases ... Measure urine osmolality ... include vaptans (HF ... Diagnosis #Treatment #management ... #nephrology #sodium
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
CNS Infections - ... Photophobia • Nausea ... or urine culture ... Singh @rav7ks #CNS ... differential #diagnosis #neurology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
Diagnosis and Management ... Dermatomyositis) AKI - Pathophysiology ... Cast formation: ... hour with goal urine ... #Summary #causes
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Epidemiology: • 1-2 cases ... Guillain-Barre Pathophysiology ... - NORMAL CSF ... Syndrome #diagnosis #management ... #treatment #neurology