11 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Metabolic Alkalosis ... , Gitelman syndrome ... the indicated causes ... and potassium acid ... #Metabolic #Alkalosis
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
Metabolic Alkalosis ... diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... poisoning • Normal acid-base ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... Metabolic alkalosis ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... of Metabolic Alkalosis ... ABG #bloodgas #Acid
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... with renal tubal acidosis ... and metabolic alkalosis ... Cardiac failure #Hyponatremia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... volume contracted: urine ... chronic respiratory acidosis ... volume expanded: urine ... #Diagnosis #Causes
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
wasting from other causes ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... • Diarrhea A urine ... Alkalosis: Emesis ... acidosis: Proximal
Metabolic Causes of Kidney Stones in Children
 • Calcium Oxalate: Primary Hyperoxaluria type 1-3, Secondary Hyperoxaluria
Metabolic Causes ... type A/B • Uric Acid ... Renal Tubular Acidosis ... #Causes #Kidney ... #Stones #pediatrics
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
resistance • Metabolic ... alkalosis • Familial ... Bumetanide, Ethacrynic acid ... • Hyponatremia ... Kidney stones caused
Differential Diagnosis of Respiratory Acid-Base Disorders
Alkalosis
A. Central nervous system stimulation: Pain, Anxiety, psychosis, Fever, Cerebrovascular accident,
of Respiratory Acid-Base ... Disorders Alkalosis ... Recovery from metabolic ... respiratory distress syndrome ... #diagnosis #causes
Cushing's Syndrome - Hypercortisolism - Diagnosis and Clinical Features
1) Skin
 • Thin, easily bruisable skin with
Cushing's Syndrome ... Endocrine and metabolic ... is decreased), hypernatremia ... , metabolic alkalosis ... ↑ 24-hour urine