12 results
Causes of Provoked Pediatric Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - "DIMS" Mnemonic
Drugs:
 • Drug overdose
 •
Causes of Provoked ... Pediatric Seizures ... Encephalitis Metabolic ... Hypocalcemia • Hyponatremia ... • Sturge-Weber Syndrome
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Metabolic Alkalosis ... diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... the indicated causes ... #Metabolic #Alkalosis
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... with renal tubal acidosis ... and metabolic alkalosis ... Cardiac failure #Hyponatremia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Causes of Pediatric Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Infantile:
 • Benign Focal Epilepsy of Infancy
 • West
Causes of Pediatric ... Encephalitis Provoked - Metabolic ... Hypocalcemia • Hyponatremia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes ... #Peds #Pediatrics
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... volume contracted: urine ... chronic respiratory acidosis ... volume expanded: urine ... #Diagnosis #Causes
Salicylate Toxicity - Diagnosis and Management

Consider if:
1) Patient is hot and altered
2) You see tachypnea with
no respiratory cause ... show anion-gap metabolic ... Dizziness, Altered, Seizure ... Alkalosis, High ... Resuscitation 2) Urine
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
wasting from other causes ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... • Diarrhea A urine ... Alkalosis: Emesis ... acidosis: Proximal
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Management Summary Causes ... Heat stroke - Metabolic ... exertion/training - Seizures ... Weakness - Dark urine ... Hyperuricemia • Hyponatremia
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
impairment of cellular metabolism ... excretion (e.g., urine ... sweat) - its metabolism ... Heavy exercise - Seizures ... - Compartment syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
alkalosis • Normal ... Hypochloremic metabolic ... (spot urine, calcium-creatinine ... Renal tubular acidosis ... tachycardia • Seizures