52 results
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
- Differential Diagnosis ... 1ml blood/liter urine ... → Diagnostic of ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #nephrology #renal
General approach to AKI - Checklist

Urine electrolytes & FENa - Previously, it was believed that urine
differentiate between pre-renal ... and intrinsic renal ... performance for diagnosing ... AcuteKidneyInjury #Nephrology ... #CriticalCare
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis ... → Refer to Nephrology ... for renal biopsy ... cystoscopy • Refer to Nephrology ... if cause not identified
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Urine Output > 3L /day
Water Diuresis (Urine Osm <100 mOsm/kg)
 • Primary
- Differential Diagnosis ... Dl • Chronic Renal ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #causes ... #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
and Differential Diagnosis ... dipstick, urine ... osmolarity If cause ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #nephrology #causes
Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA)  Type 1 

Totally scuppers the kidney's acidification mechanism. Will be
Distal Renal Tubular ... much easier to diagnosis ... with direct urine ... #Management #Nephrology ... #Causes #Differential
Approach to Hypomagnesemia 

Fractional excretion of magnesium = (urine magnesium x serum creatinine)/ [0.7 (serum magnesium
of magnesium = (urine ... serum magnesium x urine ... cells FEMg >4% = renal ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #nephrology
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Atlas of Urine Microscopy ... also be seen if urine ... - Diagnostic of ... Microscopy #Atlas #key #diagnosis ... #nephrology #casts
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria - Urine Output > 3L/day, Increased Urine Volume (>2ml/min)
Osmotic
Causes of Polyuria ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Recovery from Acute Renal ... #Polyuria #Nephrology ... #Algorithm #Causes
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
individuals or during ... and concentrated urine ... tubulointerstitial nephritis, renal ... Differential #Microscopy #Diagnosis ... #Nephrology