11 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
, Gitelman syndrome ... the indicated causes ... and potassium acid ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... and Differential Diagnosis ... electrolytes, urea, uric acid ... investigations depending on clinical ... #nephrology #causes
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
differentiating kidney ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... • Diarrhea A urine ... - Metabolic Alkalosis ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... - Differential Diagnosis ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... Classically” noted with pulmonary ... ABG #bloodgas #Acid
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
• Metabolic alkalosis ... • Diagnosis of ... Bumetanide, Ethacrynic acid ... Torsemide) • Acute pulmonary ... stones caused by
Gitelman Syndrome - Diagnosis and Workup
Blood Work:
 - Hypokalemia
 - Hypomagnesemia
 - Metabolic Alkalosis
 - Elevated
Gitelman Syndrome ... Hypomagnesemia - Metabolic Alkalosis ... Elevated Renin Urine ... excretion of Cl > 0.5% Clinical ... #nephrology
Metabolic Causes of Kidney Stones in Children
 • Calcium Oxalate: Primary Hyperoxaluria type 1-3, Secondary Hyperoxaluria
Metabolic Causes ... of Kidney Stones ... type A/B • Uric Acid ... #pediatrics #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
and Differential Diagnosis ... disturbance, or acute kidney ... and metabolic alkalosis ... 109 mm Hg) with clinical ... Neurologic disorders
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
- Differential Diagnosis ... Management Summary Causes ... Dermatomyositis Clinical ... Weakness - Dark urine ... nephrotoxicity to kidney
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
- Differential Diagnosis ... excretion (e.g., urine ... / hypoxemia -> focus ... output - Acute pulmonary ... - Compartment syndrome