13 results
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
and Nephrotic Syndromes ... Nephritic syndrome—due ... RBC casts in urine ... #Classification ... #Diagnosis
Acute Kidney Injury - Classification
Prerenal:
 • Dehydration
 • Heart failure (a.k.a. cardiorenal syndrome)
 • Liver failure
Acute Kidney Injury ... - Classification ... Acute interstitial nephritis ... #Classification ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Albuminuria (Grades) and Risk for CKD
Normal to mildly increased albuminuria:
 - Albumin excretion rate: < 30
proteinuria: - Urine ... syndrome ... Macroalbuminuria is a type ... #CKD #nephrology ... #diagnosis #proteinuria
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... and Differential Diagnosis ... • Interstitial nephritis ... Acute #Kidney #Injury ... #nephrology #causes
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
- Differential Diagnosis ... : • Triad of symptoms ... Weakness - Dark urine ... • Other symptoms ... #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in Patients with Cancer 

Cancer Related 
• Hypercalcemia 
• Intravenous contrast 
•
Acute Kidney Injury ... malignancies Treatment ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Classification ... #Nephrology
Atlas of Urine Microscopy Findings
 • Epithelial cells - Normal
 • Renal tubular cells - Acute
Acute tubular injury ... Hyaline casts - Any type ... brown cast” - Necrotic ... acute tubular injury ... #nephrology #casts
Statin Induced Muscle Toxicity - Summary

Clinical Presentation:
 • Elevations of serum creatine kinase with proximal myalgia
Direct muscle injury ... infiltrate engulfing necrotic ... Risk of muscle injury ... Atorvastatin Diagnosis ... toxicity #myopathy #diagnosis
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)

Suspect:
Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
Skin Disease Classification ... Differential Diagnosis ... Kikuchi disease • Type-I ... edema, active urine ... Induced Lupus: • Symptoms
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
excretion (e.g., urine ... liver or renal injury ... before beginning treatment ... - Compartment syndrome ... #typeb #classification