8 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
- Differential Diagnosis ... Renal tubular acidosis ... Catecholamines - Alkalosis ... #Low #Potassium ... #Table #Classification
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
A urine K/Cr ratio ... - Metabolic Alkalosis ... - Metabolic acidosis ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... #nephrology #low
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
- Differential Diagnosis ... low/normal Type ... low/normal Type ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Workup #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Metabolic Alkalosis ... • Normal/low ... of sodium and potassium ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis
Salicylate Toxicity - Diagnosis and Management

Consider if:
1) Patient is hot and altered
2) You see tachypnea with
ingestion/exposure Symptoms ... , Respiratory Alkalosis ... Potassium, Low ... Resuscitation 2) Urine ... 4.5 mmol/L 4) K
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
: Differential Diagnosis ... chronic respiratory acidosis ... syndrome (11-ß HSD type ... other • Severe potassium ... #Causes #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Aldosterone, RTA Type ... lysis) ± Urine ... Elimination (see Table ... ) • Low K diet ... #nephrology #K
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
• Normal or low ... Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... Renal tubular acidosis ... Gitelman #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #nephrology #management