11 results
Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA)  Type 1 

Totally scuppers the kidney's acidification mechanism. Will be
Renal Tubular Acidosis ... (RTA) Type 1 ... with direct urine ... #Type1 #Distal ... #Nephrology #Causes
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
- Differential Diagnosis ... Renal tubular acidosis ... #Low #Potassium ... #Table #Classification ... #Causes
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Proximal RTA (type ... (type I) B ... Potassium-sparing ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #nephrology
Causes of Non-Gap Metabolic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Anion Gap (<14) (Loss of Bicarbonate) -
Causes of Non-Gap ... Metabolic Acidosis ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Loss (Negative urine ... #NonGap #Nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
A urine K/Cr ratio ... - Metabolic acidosis ... : Proximal RTA, ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... #nephrology #low
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
H+ (NAGMA from RTA ... type IV) Cortisol ... Serum DHEAS Diagnosis ... Check sodium, potassium ... #signs #symptoms
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
- Metabolic acidosis ... Failure • SLE • Type ... IV RTA • Renal ... #causes #potassium ... #high #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
- Metabolic acidosis ... Failure • SLE • Type ... IV RTA • Renal ... #causes #potassium ... #high #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... chronic respiratory acidosis ... syndrome (11-ß HSD type ... other • Severe potassium ... #Causes #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Renin/Aldosterone, RTA ... Type IV, AI • ... lysis) ± Urine ... only if no clear cause ... #nephrology #K