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Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... Urine Na+K / serum ... can be high or low ... differential #diagnosis ... #table #sodium
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
- Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... 300 mmol/kg • Hypertonic ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... Urine Osmolality
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Algorithm Isotonic ... , Recent TURP Hypotonic ... Alcohol MH/CCF ... nephrology #sodium #low
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
1) Is it hypotonic ... Measure urine osmolality ... include vaptans (HF ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Treatment #management
It is important to recognize Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) as more than just simply a
urine output. ... #algorithm #management ... #cardiology #treatment ... #table #foamed ... #heartfailure #chf
Perhaps quite too often, the knee-jerk reaction to an elevated Troponin is to call our friends
our friends from Cardiology ... This becomes a flawed ... are typically able ... #diagnosis #management ... l#foamed #algorithm
Perhaps quite too often, the knee-jerk reaction to an elevated Troponin is to call our friends
This becomes a flawed ... are typically able ... #diagnosis #algorithm ... #management #clinical ... #criticalcare #foamed
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Na delivery): CHF ... lysis) ± Urine ... Elimination (see Table ... acidosis) • Low ... Use gtt, NOT hypertonic
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
disease b) CHF ... event, follow ACC algorithm ... Orthopedic • Low ... one post op Cardiology ... medical and surgical management