11 results
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... water Extrarenal hypotonic ... diabetes insipidus ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology ... #sodium #high
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
water loss, Serum Sodium ... 300 mmol/kg • Hypertonic ... 300 mmol/kg • Diabetes ... Insipidus Hypodipsia ... #Nephrology #Differential
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria - Urine Output > 3L/day, Increased Urine Volume (>2ml/min)
Osmotic
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Insipidus - DDAVP ... Insipidus #Polyuria ... #Nephrology #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Hypernatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Diabetes Insipidus Workup

Step #1 - Consider the history
Step #2 - Assess
Hypernatremia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... - Diabetes Insipidus ... #Sodium #nephrology ... #insipidus #DI
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Diagnosis Workup Algorithm ... 1) Check Urine ... • Euvolemic: Diabetes ... insipidus (central ... #nephrology #sodium
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Algorithm Isotonic ... , Recent TURP Hypotonic ... Alcohol MH/CCF ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology ... #sodium #low
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... Urine Na+K / serum ... : SIADH, Renal Sodium ... diagnosis #table #sodium ... #nephrology
Diabetes Insipidus - Diagnosis Algorithm
Tests:
 • Osmolality, Urine AND/OR
 • Osmolality, Serum or Plasma AND
 •
Diabetes Insipidus ... - Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Osmolality, Urine ... Plasma AND • Sodium ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Primary Polydipsia
Definition: Excessive volitional water intake
Epidemiology:
 • 6-20% of patients with psychiatric disorders - Most commonly
Diagnosis: Diabetes ... Insipidus, Impaired ... Osm, Serum Sodium ... , Urine Sodium ... diagnosis #management #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
1) Is it hypotonic ... Measure urine osmolality ... include vaptans (HF ... Treatment #management #nephrology ... #sodium