9 results
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... Urine Na+K / serum ... restriction alone in ... can be high or low ... differential #diagnosis #table
Flowchart to diuretic use in acute heart failure.

(A) Congestion with volume overload. 

(B) Treatment algorithm after
(B) Treatment algorithm ... intravenous; SGLT2‐I, sodium–glucose ... ultrafiltration; UO, urine ... #CHF #Algorithm ... #HeartFailure #Cardiology
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Algorithm Isotonic ... • Hypovolemia: Diuretics ... Alcohol MH/CCF ... causes #nephrology #sodium ... #low
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
water loss, Serum Sodium ... 300 mmol/kg • Hypertonic ... administration • Osmotic diuresis ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... Urine Osmolality
Hypertonic Saline for Treatment of Hyponatremic Encephalopathy
1) 100 ml bolus of 3% NaCl over 10 min.
Hypertonic Saline ... May repeat until clinical ... Increase in sodium ... L. 5) Monitor urine ... of a free water diuresis
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Na delivery): CHF ... lysis) ± Urine ... Elimination (see Table ... acidosis) • Low ... Use gtt, NOT hypertonic
It is important to recognize Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) as more than just simply a
mental status and low ... urine output. ... excreted using diuretics ... #treatment #table ... #heartfailure #chf
Enema Selection / Comparison Table

A short guide for choosing which enema to order depending on the
Selection / Comparison Table ... depending on the clinical ... Sodium Phosphate ... CKD (phos ↑), CHF ... Contraindications: SIADH, Hyponatremia
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
disease b) CHF ... event, follow ACC algorithm ... Change in clinical ... Orthopedic • Low ... one post op Cardiology