10 results
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
water loss, Serum Sodium ... 300 mmol/kg • Hypertonic ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... Urine Osmolality ... • Burns • ICU
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... Urine Na+K / serum ... : SIADH, Renal Sodium ... can be high or low ... differential #diagnosis #table
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Algorithm Isotonic ... , Recent TURP Hypotonic ... Alcohol MH/CCF ... causes #nephrology #sodium ... #low
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
1) Is it hypotonic ... Measure urine osmolality ... include vaptans (HF ... Diagnosis #Treatment #management ... #nephrology #sodium
Flowchart to diuretic use in acute heart failure.

(A) Congestion with volume overload. 

(B) Treatment algorithm after
(B) Treatment algorithm ... intravenous; SGLT2‐I, sodium–glucose ... ultrafiltration; UO, urine ... #HeartFailure #Cardiology ... #Management
Management of Hyponatremia
Hypertonic Saline - Only indicated if patient has severe symptoms + Na < 125
Give
Management of Hyponatremia ... doses - consider ITU ... Wilkinsonjonny #Hyponatremia ... #Management #algorithm ... #treatment #sodium
It is important to recognize Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) as more than just simply a
mental status and low ... urine output. ... #management #cardiology ... #treatment #table ... #heartfailure #chf
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Na delivery): CHF ... lysis) ± Urine ... Elimination (see Table ... acidosis) • Low ... Use gtt, NOT hypertonic
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
disease b) CHF ... event, follow ACC algorithm ... Orthopedic • Low ... one post op Cardiology ... medical and surgical management
Indications for Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD) in Patients with Ischemic Heart Disease (IHD) to Prevent Sudden Cardiac
Cardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD ... guideline-directed management ... • Low left ventricular ... unstable VT • Stable ... #indications #cardiology