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nephrology diagnosis management differential causes comparison hypernatremia lactated lr normal pharmacology physiologic potassium ringers table
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... Urine Na+K / serum ... volume restriction alone ... in SIADH RAAS ... : Hypovolemia, Hypervolemia
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP Hypotonic Hyponatremia: • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Algorithm Isotonic ... • Euvolemia: SIADH ... polydipsia • Hypervolemia ... causes #nephrology #sodium ... #low
Management of Hyponatremia Hypertonic Saline - Only indicated if patient has severe symptoms + Na < 125 Give
Management of Hyponatremia ... Hypertonic Saline ... • IF SIADH — ... #Management #algorithm ... #treatment #sodium
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison Composition of LR: • Sodium 130 mEq/L •
trial • Minimal K ... - Protective effects ... Is Dangerous in Hyperkalemia ... Decreased GFR, urine ... #pharmacology #effects
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L High
water loss, Serum Sodium ... 300 mmol/kg • Hypertonic ... saline administration ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... Urine Osmolality
SIADH Treatment Options 1. Treat underlying cause of SIADH: Pain, Primary lung pathology, Post-operative phenomenon, Medications, Basically
SIADH Treatment ... promoting passive sodium ... • If Urine osmolality ... • Major side effects ... #Management #hyponatremia
Management of SIADH Treat underlying cause: • Causes can include pain, primary lung pathology, post-operative phenomenon, medications,
promoting passive sodium ... colon 0.9% Normal Saline ... : • If Urine osmolality ... bolus of 0.9% NS ... Has many side effects
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
, Saline infusion ... lysis) ± Urine ... Bicarb<22) - avoid NS ... acidosis) • Low ... Use gtt, NOT hypertonic
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