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diagnosis nephrology differential management causes chf heartfailure hypernatremia table adh cerebral clinical congestive criticalcare foamed hypotonic hypovolemia icu in osmolality
Flowchart to diuretic use in acute heart failure. (A) Congestion with volume overload. (B) Treatment algorithm after
(B) Treatment algorithm ... intravenous; SGLT2‐I, sodium–glucose ... ultrafiltration; UO, urine ... #Diuretic #Diuresis ... #HeartFailure #Cardiology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... Urine Na+K / serum ... (diuretics, mineralocorticoid ... deficiency, Post-AKI diuresis ... (AKI, Post-AKI diuresis
Cerebral Salt Wasting vs SIADH - Pathophysiology 1) Neurological event 2) Sodium loss from tubules 3) Naturiesis →
Neurological event 2) Sodium ... ) Naturiesis → diuresis ... → Increased urine ... diagnosis #nephrology #hyponatremia ... #comparison
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm 1) Check Urine Osmolality: > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
1) Check Urine ... • Euvolemic (Low ... • Hypovolemic: Diuretics ... osmotic (solute) diuresis ... #nephrology #sodium
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants Hypotonic Hyponatremia: • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Algorithm Hypertonic ... OFF (UNa > 30): SIADH ... , Medications (diuretics ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... #sodium #nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L High
water loss, Serum Sodium ... 145 mmol/L High Urine ... administration • Osmotic diuresis ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... Urine Osmolality
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP Hypotonic Hyponatremia: • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Algorithm Isotonic ... • Hypovolemia: Diuretics ... • Euvolemia: SIADH ... causes #nephrology #sodium ... #low
Hyponatremia (<135 mEq/L) is a common electrolyte abnormality caused by an excess of total body water
body water in comparison ... release of anti-diuretic ... Measured urine sodium ... #Hypovolemia #EBV ... #potomania #SIADH
Management of Hyponatremia Hypertonic Saline - Only indicated if patient has severe symptoms + Na < 125 Give
Management of Hyponatremia ... Failure - Add Diuretics ... Add Diuretics, Consider ... #Management #algorithm ... #treatment #sodium
It is important to recognize Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) as more than just simply a
mental status and low ... urine output. ... excreted using diuretics ... #differential #algorithm ... #management #cardiology
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