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nephrology differential management hypernatremia causes heartfailure low table workup cerebral clinical comparison congestive criticalcare diuretic foamed hypotonic icu in pathophysiology
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Hyponatremia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Serum Osmolarity 2) ... 3) Urine Sodium ... Low Uric Acid → SIADH
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm 1) Check Urine Osmolality: > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Workup Algorithm ... 1) Check Urine ... renal mechanism 2) ... Euvolemic: Diabetes insipidus ... #nephrology #sodium
Cerebral Salt Wasting vs SIADH - Pathophysiology 1) Neurological event 2) Sodium loss from tubules 3) Naturiesis →
Neurological event 2) ... Sodium loss from ... ) Naturiesis → diuresis ... → Increased urine ... Pathophysiology #diagnosis
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration. Step 2. Check plasma osmolality. NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... Repeat the sodium ... Step 2. ... EUVOLEMIC • SIADH ... HYPERVOLEMIC • CHF
Flowchart to diuretic use in acute heart failure. (A) Congestion with volume overload. (B) Treatment algorithm after
(B) Treatment algorithm ... linked transporter 2 ... ultrafiltration; UO, urine ... #CHF #Algorithm ... #HeartFailure #Cardiology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L High
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Hypernatremia ... water loss, Serum Sodium ... administration • Osmotic diuresis ... kg • Diabetes Insipidus
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... Urine Na+K / serum ... , Renal Sodium loss ... #differential #diagnosis ... #table #sodium
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
DI; high dilute urine ... water unavailable 2) ... Osmotic Diuresis ... post-obstructive 3) Diabetes Insipidus ... #nephrology #sodium
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP Hypotonic Hyponatremia: • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
• Hypovolemia: Diuretics ... • Euvolemia: SIADH ... Alcohol MH/CCF ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #sodium
Primary Polydipsia Definition: Excessive volitional water intake Epidemiology: • 6-20% of patients with psychiatric disorders - Most commonly
occurs in only 2- ... : Diabetes Insipidus ... Pseudohyponatremia, SIADH ... Osm, Serum Sodium ... , Urine Sodium
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